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Toilets

Leaking close-coupled toilet: bolts and doughnut

8 min read · Plumbers University teachers

Cutaway of close-coupled cistern bolt with washer inside the cistern

Quick answer

Close-coupled toilets leak from the cistern bolts or the doughnut seal. Bolt leaks are fixed by fitting new rubber washers inside the cistern under the bolt heads. Doughnut leaks need the cistern removed and a new doughnut fitted. Tighten bolts evenly and gently.

What you need

  • Adjustable spanner
  • Long screwdriver
  • Close-coupling kit (bolts, washers, doughnut)
  • Sponge and bucket

Find the source

  • Drip from a bolt under the cistern — bolt washer.
  • Drip from the middle under the cistern when you flush — doughnut.
  • Drip from the back of the pan — pan connector (different guide).

Where the washers go (the most common mistake)

The bolt passes through a hole in the bottom of the cistern. Water sits inside the cistern, on top of that hole. So the rubber washer must go inside the cistern, under the bolt head, pressed onto the cistern by tightening the nut below. A washer only on the outside cannot stop water entering the hole.

Pro tip: Order inside the cistern: bolt head, rubber washer, cistern. Under the cistern: then pan, metal washer, nut.

Fixing it

  1. Turn off the isolation valve, flush and sponge the cistern dry.
  2. Disconnect the water supply.
  3. Undo the bolts from below and lift the cistern off.
  4. Replace the doughnut on the flush valve base.
  5. Fit new bolts with rubber washers inside the cistern.
  6. Lower onto the pan and tighten evenly side to side, until firm.
  7. Reconnect, refill and check.

Frequently asked questions

Can I just tighten the bolts?

Sometimes, but if washers are worn or wrongly fitted, replace them.

Why did my cistern crack?

Usually from over-tightening the bolts.

Is the doughnut universal?

Many are, but check the size for your flush valve.

This guide is general advice. If you are unsure, stop and ask a qualified plumber. We teach plumbing only — never work on gas.

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